Colonialism, Albert Schweitzer, and Racism [13][16], Schweitzer rapidly gained prominence as a musical scholar and organist, dedicated also to the rescue, restoration and study of historic pipe organs. Her father, Charles Schweitzer, was the older brother of Albert Schweitzer's father, Louis Thophile. Drug advances for sleeping sickness included Germanin and tryparsamide[de; fi; it]. Indeed, he was a true polymath. ", "Let me give you a definition of ethics," he wrote on another occasion. Albert Schweitzer (14. tammikuuta 1875 - 4. syyskuuta 1965) oli saksalais-ranskalainen (elsassilainen) teologi, muusikko, musiikkitieteilij, filosofi ja lkri. His medical degree dissertation was another work on the historical Jesus, Die psychiatrische Beurteilung Jesu. Dr. Albert Schweitzer who renounced fame and fortune as a musician 43 years ago - and who is on a visit to London - went to the Royal festival Hall yesterday - where he tried out the festival organ which he said ''She is magnificent - she is beautiful''. Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 08:10, Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method, Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer, Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Religion & the Treatment of God's Creatures", "Review of "The Mystery of the Kingdom of God", "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's Heart of Darkness", "Albert Schweitzer and Henry Fonda's Lost Special", "List of Members of the Order of Merit, past and present", "History of Vegetarianism Dr Albert Schweitzer (18751965)", "Knigsfeld feiert ?Schweitzer-Erben? The doctor never entirely left the pursuit of music and became well known as a virtuoso on the keyboard and pipes, especially when he played the works of Bach. Among the neonatal deaths, 27% occurred on the first day of life, and 80% occurred during the first 10 days of life. During his return visits to his home village of Gunsbach, Schweitzer continued to make use of the family house, which after his death became an archive and museum to his life and work. He was there again from 1929 to 1932. The increase in heart disease deaths from the early 20th century . The on-axis microphone is often a large diaphragm condenser. Albert Schweitzer - Facts - NobelPrize.org He celebrated his 90th birthday there as hundreds of Africans, Europeans and Americans gathered to wish him well. There he studied theology, philology, and the theory of music. Life becomes harder for us when we live for others, but it also becomes richer and happier. This was no sooner under way than Schweitzer fell ill, an epidemic of dysentery broke out and a famine set in. To a marked degree, Schweitzer was an eclectic. Until he extends his circle of compassion to include all living things, man will not himself find peace. The journalist James Cameron visited Lambarn in 1953 (when Schweitzer was 78) and found significant flaws in the practices and attitudes of Schweitzer and his staff. Darstellung und Kritik[51] [The psychiatric evaluation of Jesus. On the other hand, patients received splendid medical care and few seemed to suffer greatly from the compound's lack of polish. "In reality, that which is eternal in the words of Jesus is due to the very fact that they are based on an eschatological world-view, and contain the expression of a mind Schweitzer died on 4 September 1965 at his beloved hospital in Lambarn, now in independent Gabon. Dr. Howard Markel writes a monthly column for the PBS NewsHour, highlighting the anniversary of a momentous event that continues to shape modern medicine. I can do no other than be reverent before everything that is called life. [49] Although every human being is invited to become a Christian, only those who have undergone the initiation into the Christian community through baptism can share in the "realistic" dying and rising with Christ. Schweitzer concluded his treatment of Jesus with what has been called the most famous words of twentieth-century theology: "He comes to us as One unknown, without a name, as of old, by the lake-side, He came to those men who knew him not. He goes quietly, in peace and dignity. For him it had profound religious implications. The soul is the sense of something higher than ourselves, something that stirs in us thoughts, hopes, and aspirations which go out to the world of goodness, truth and beauty. Attending the University of Strasbourg, he served as curate at St. Nicholas, gave Schweitzer maintained, nonetheless, that Jesus' concepts were eternal. [1] . Dr. Albert Schweitzer was a physician, philosopher, theologian, organist and humanitarian. (He played Bach at Lambarene, too, on pianos especially lined with zinc to prevent rot.) In 1923, the family moved to Knigsfeld im Schwarzwald, Baden-Wrttemberg, where he was building a house for the family. designed by rationalism, endowed with life by liberalism and clothed by modern theology in an historical garb.". Still gives us room for lofty doing. Nearly 150 of these Schweitzer Fellows have served at the Hospital in Lambarn, for three-month periods during their last year of medical school. Albert Schweitzer was a revered French-German humanitarian, writer, theologian, medical missionary, organist, physician, and philosopher. He progressed to studying for his Ph.D. in theology in 1899 at the Sorbonne, where he focused on the religious philosophy of Immanuel Kant. be cited than the fact--regarded locally as something of a miracle--of his own survival.". Next, Schweitzer poses the question: "Of what precise kind then is the mysticism of Paul?" Schweitzer's death was kept secret through the night because of a request he had. Albert Schweitzer, circa 1960 in Lambarn, Gabon, where he established a hospital. On 23 April 1957, Schweitzer made his "Declaration of Conscience" speech; it was broadcast to the world over Radio Oslo, pleading for the abolition of nuclear weapons. "The Teaching of Reverence for Life". of self-imposed exile in Africa. He died at 11:30 P.M. (6:30 P.M. New York time). Although Paul is widely influenced by Hellenistic thought, he is not controlled by it. It's you, of yourself, of whom you must ask a lot. [18], The exposition of these ideas, encouraged by Widor and Munch, became Schweitzer's last task, and appeared in the masterly study J. S. Bach: Le Musicien-Pote, written in French and published in 1905. Hospital workers, lepers, cripples and other patients gathered in the jungle heat as the body of the noted physician, scholar, philosopher and musician was lowered into the ground. The list, alas, goes on and his prejudices are difficult, if not impossible, to ignore. Thank you. The committee of this missionary society was not ready to accept his offer, considering his Lutheran theology to be "incorrect". "[81], Weeks prior to his death, an American film crew was allowed to visit Schweitzer and Drs. yet he was a foe to materialism and to the century's criteria for personal success. It is a historical review of ethical thought leading to his own "He is a figure He received his M.D. One of Schweitzer's major arguments in The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle is that Paul's mysticism, marked by his phrase "being in Christ", gives the clue to the whole of Pauline theology. LAMBARENE, GABON, Sept. 5--Albert Schweitzer died last night in his jungle hospital here. There were no significant differences in all-cause and cardiovascular death, stroke and major adverse cardiovascular events. Albert Schweitzer, 90, Dies at His Hospital; Doctor Won Nobel Peace Prize for Work in Africa He Was Also Noted as Musician and Theologian Albert Schweitzer, Felled by Exhaustion, Dies at. There he also received instruction in piano and counterpoint from professor Gustav Jacobsthal, and associated closely with Ernest Munch, the brother of his former teacher, organist of St William church, who was also a passionate admirer of J. S. Bach's music. of the world and life? He thought that Western civilization was decaying because it had abandoned affirmation of life as its ethical foundation. Each of us has cause to think with deep gratitude of those who have lighted the flame within us. original contribution of Reverence for Life as an effective basis for a civilized world. for a specific application of Reverence for Life. Even in his study of medicine, and through his clinical course, Schweitzer pursued the ideal of the philosopher-scientist. Can a Gabonese director cure the Albert Schweitzer hospital? At the same time he gave organ concerts, delivered lectures and wrote books about theology. The natives have all the usual diseases, plus Hansen's The grave, on the banks of the Ogooue River, is marked by a cross he made himself. The mid-side sees a figure-8 microphone pointed off-axis, perpendicular to the sound source. In the Preface to Civilization and Ethics (1923) he argued that Western philosophy from Descartes to Kant had set out to explain the objective world expecting that humanity would be found to have a special meaning within it. He was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor; the first nomination came in 1954 for his performance in Roman Holiday, and the second in 1973 for The Heartbreak Kid. ". You must not expect anything from others. For years I had been giving myself out in words. cit., Philips ABL 3134, issued September 1956. Online Kentucky Death Indexes, Records & Obituaries Here he often met with the elderly Aristide Cavaill-Coll. It was said that he had scarcely ever talked with an adult African on adult terms. After retiring as a practicing doctor, Albert Schweitzer continued to oversee the hospital until his death at the age of 90. Today ASF helps large numbers of young Americans in health-related professional fields find or create "their own Lambarn" in the US or internationally. which the chorale itself came. side by side! Man's ultimate redemption through beneficent activity--the theme of Part II of Goethe's "Faust," a metaphysical poem much admired by Albert Schweitzer--threads through this extraordinary man's long, complex and sometimes curious Darrell 1936. In the Schweitzer method, the figure-8 is replaced by two small diaphragm condenser microphones pointed directly away from each other. Albert Schweitzer. Schweitzer regarded most native Africans as children, as primitives. : "I see in him one of the most eminent geniuses in the history of medicine. For seven years, from 1906 until he received his M.D. In 1912, now armed with a medical degree, Schweitzer made a definite proposal to go as a physician to work at his own expense in the Paris Missionary Society's mission at Lambarn on the Ogoou river, in what is now Gabon, in Africa (then a French colony). The comparison of NOAC-based DAT vs. vitamin . As the sun makes ice melt, kindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to evaporate." ~ Albert Schweitzer. Hailed as an outstanding world figure, Schweitzer was. Then a single cardioid microphone is placed on axis, bisecting the figure-8 pattern. [13][14][15][16] He published his PhD thesis at the University of Tbingen in 1899. After briefly occupying a shed formerly used as a chicken hut, in late 1913 they built their first hospital of corrugated iron, with a consulting room and operating theatre and with a dispensary and sterilising room. But determination to make his life an "argument" Schweitzer's book (and other writings as well) disputed the theory that human progress toward civilization was inevitable. It approaches Bach as a musician-poet and concentrates on his chorales; cantatas and Passion He defended Jesus' mental health in it. On an afternoon, Schweitzer could often be seen leaving his home to slip over Albert Schweitzer - At times our own light goes out and is. " At that point in life where your talent meets the needs of the world, that is where God wants you to be. He disagreed sharply with Aristotle's view that man's knowledge of right and wrong would surely lead him to make Published in 1910, it at once established Schweitzer as an eminent, if controversial, theologian whose explosive ideas Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) was a brilliant philosopher, physician, musician, clergyman and theological scholar. In July 1918, after being transferred to his home in Alsace, he was a free man again. [judecat de valoare] n 1952 a primit Premiul Nobel pentru Pace . In recent years, many have taken him to task for decidedly paternalistic and racist descriptions of his African patients that would offend many a 21st century observer. 1. He became a welcome guest at the Wagners' home, Wahnfried. That is the beginning and the foundation of all ethics. Altogether his early Columbia discs included 25 records of Bach and eight of Csar Franck. Schweitzer's talents that he taught him then and later without fee. the end came; at first Jesus believed that his Messianic reign would begin before his disciples returned from the teaching mission commanded of them in the Gospel according to St. Matthew. READ MORE: The story behind Alfred Nobels spirit of discovery. Albert entered the Kaiser Wilhelm University of Strasbourg at age 18. over into experience.". Schweitzer, who insisted that the score should show Bach's notation with no additional markings, wrote the commentaries for the Preludes and Fugues, and Widor those for the Sonatas and Concertos: six volumes were published in 191214. This image has not been destroyed from outside; it has fallen to pieces[37], Instead of these liberal and romantic views, Schweitzer wrote that Jesus and his followers expected the imminent end of the world.[38]. When the Ever the autodidact, during this period Albert also served as curate for the church Saint-Nicolas in Strasbourg. These recordings were made in the course of a fortnight in October 1936.[94]. [16] From 1952 until his death he worked against nuclear tests and nuclear weapons with Albert Einstein, Otto Hahn and Bertrand Russell. He apparently did so in the company of his two cats, "Sizi" and . Edward Albert Heimberger (April 22, 1906 - May 26, 2005) was an American actor and activist. '"[67] Chinua Achebe has criticized him for this characterization, though Achebe acknowledges that Schweitzer's use of the word "brother" at all was, for a European of the early 20th century, an unusual expression of human solidarity between Europeans and Africans. He was however also a theologian, organist, philosopher, and physician. that the work of Bach owes its greatness.". Top 250 Albert Schweitzer Quotes (2023 Update) - Quotefancy Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images, In 1905, he decided to take up a call from the Society of Evangelist Missions of Paris to become a physician and help them advance their cause and work. Prince Albert's Death: What Really Killed Queen Victoria's Husband His Interpreters," published in English in 1912. His brother, Dr. Paul Schweitzer, 83, was not able to be with him. [12] In 1899, Schweitzer spent the summer semester at the University of Berlin and eventually obtained his theology degree at the University of Strasbourg. Until his death in 1965, Schweitzer continued to publish, lecture, perform and care for the sick. [9] In 1893, he played for the French organist Charles-Marie Widor (at Saint-Sulpice, Paris), for whom Johann Sebastian Bach's organ music contained a mystic sense of the eternal. Further on ahimsa and the reverence for life in the same book, he elaborates on the ancient Indian didactic work of the Tirukkural, which he observed that, like the Buddha and the Bhagavad Gita, "stands for the commandment not to kill and not to damage". He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life", which states that the only thing we are really sure of is that we live and want to go on living. J. S. Bach: Passacaglia in C minor, BWV 582; Prelude and Fugue in E minor, BWV 533; Prelude and Fugue in A minor, BWV 543; Prelude and Fugue in G major, BWV 541; Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565. Bach, he said, was chiefly a church composer. Schweitzer continued to work tirelessly to promote a life-affirming society until his death in 1965, at the age of 90. The waiting room and dormitory were built, like native huts, of unhewn logs along a path leadingl to the boat landing. On Good Friday, 1913, the couple set sail from Bordeaux for Africa, where Schweitzer established a hospital on the grounds of the Lambarene station of the Paris Missionary Society. the right choices. From 1952 until his death Schweitzer worked against nuclear weapons together with Albert Einstein and Bertrand Russell. [83] He was also a chevalier of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem. [41], On the other hand, a more developed form of mysticism can be found in the Greek mystery-cults that were popular in first-century A.D. society. Much of the building work was carried out with the help of local people and patients. For example, in 1950, biographer Magnus C. Ratter commented that Schweitzer never "commit[ted] himself to the anti-vivisection, vegetarian, or pacifist positions, though his thought leads in this direction". brought to a halt lest nests of ants be killed or disturbed. " Albert Schweitzer 32. Albert Schweitzer - Bach, Peace and Cats - Interlude Hpital Albert Schweitzer Haiti - University of Pennsylvania This book, which established his reputation, was first published in English in 1910 as The Quest of the Historical Jesus. These synthetic vaccines in themselves cause cancers as other pharmaceutical products based on the chemical nature of the medicine which largely acts as a suppressor of symptoms masquerading as a cure. at the drop of a cause. Albert Schweitzer Quotes on Animals, Ethics, Death in 2023 the United States and lectured on Goethe at a conference in Aspen, Colo. "Never say there is nothing beautiful in the world anymore. It was a beautiful locale and one that Albert would often return to for the rest of his life, especially when he was weary from his many medical and missionary responsibilities. Amid a hail of protests from his friends, family and colleagues, he resigned his post and re-entered the university as a student in a three-year course towards the degree of Doctorate in Medicine, a subject in which he had little knowledge or previous aptitude. for the good of fellow men who need the help of a fellow man." he had worked as an artisan in constructing many of its buildings; and, although the station was many times beset by adversities that would have discouraged a less dedicated man, it had grown at In addition to injuries, he was often treating severe sandflea and crawcraw infections, yaws, tropical eating sores, heart disease, tropical dysentery, tropical malaria, sleeping sickness, leprosy, fevers, strangulated hernias, necrosis, abdominal tumours and chronic constipation and nicotine poisoning, while also attempting to deal with deliberate poisonings, fetishism and fear of cannibalism among the Mbahouin. To the end, his one frustration was that he had not succeeded in convincing the world to abolish nuclear weapons. ", "The Jesus of Nazareth . His pamphlet "The Art of Organ Building and Organ Playing in Germany and France" (1906,[25] republished with an appendix on the state of the organ-building industry in 1927) effectively launched the 20th-century Orgelbewegung, which turned away from romantic extremes and rediscovered baroque principlesalthough this sweeping reform movement in organ building eventually went further than Schweitzer had intended. Widely honored with degrees, citations, scrolls, medals, special stamps, even the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1952, he seemed oblivious to panoply. too, failed, Schweitzer argued, hence the despairing cry, "My God, My God, why hast Thou forsaken Me? of self-unfolding of the idea in which it creates its own opposite in order to overcome it, and so on and on until it finally returns to itself, having meanwhile traversed the whole of existence.". "In your commitment to truth and service," the President cabled, "you have touched and deepened the live of millions you have never met. The peer-supporting lifelong network of "Schweitzer Fellows for Life" numbered over 2,000 members in 2008, and is growing by nearly 1,000 every four years. Albert founded Albert Schweitzer Hospital located in Gabon. A man of peace and non-violence, Albert Schweitzer is the total antithesis of those who sought to remake the world via war, violent revolution, genocide, terrorism, and the killing fields. Albert Schweitzer - Christian Research Institute 65 Motivational Albert Schweitzer Quotes For Success In Life 3 in A minor. He was known especially for founding the Schweitzer Hospital, which provided unprecedented medical care for the natives of Lambarn in Gabon. In the almost eight years of his absence, the jungle had reclaimed the hospital grounds, and the buildings had to be rebuilt. Helene took up nursing to help her husband in his pursuits; later, she became skilled at delivering anesthesia to the patients on whom Albert would operate. At the age of 18 he entered the University of Oh, this 'noble' culture of ours! "At the very moment when, at sunset, we were making our way through a herd of hippopotamuses, there flashed upon my mind, unforeseen and unsought, the phrase 'Reverence The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. People robbed native inhabitants of their land, made slaves of them, let loose the scum of mankind upon them. Albert Schweitzer. If all this oppression and all this sin and shame are perpetrated under the eye of the German God, or the American God, or the British God, and if our states do not feel obliged first to lay aside their claim to be 'Christian'then the name of Jesus is blasphemed and made a mockery. "From whatever direction he is considered, Bach is, then, the last word in an artistic evolution which was prepared in the Middle Ages, freed and activated by the Reformation and arrives at its Albert Schweitzer. in 1913. He was popular for being a Doctor. The name of Jesus has become a curse, and our Christianityyours and minehas become a falsehood and a disgrace, if the crimes are not atoned for in the very place where they were instigated. Albert Schweitzer, the son of an Evangelical Lutheran minister, was born on . Every man has to seek in his own way to realize his true worth. Schweitzer based his interpretation on his profound knowledge of personality, education, religious and social life of Bach. Indeed, Schweitzer became a notable organist, especially in the works of Bach. Albert Schweitzer is best known as a great humanitarian because of the fact that he spent his life from age 40 until his death in Africa as a medical doctor at Lambgarence. Strasbourg as a student in theology, philosophy and musical theory. A Lutheran minister, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method current at this time, as well as the . Among his many charitable works, Dr. Schweitzer founded a hospital in Lambarn, which was situated in what was then known as French Equatorial Africa, and is today the capital of the province of Moyen-Ogoou in the nation of Gabon. As such, and as a Lutheran, "it is precisely to the chorale Our culture divides people into two classes: civilized men, a title bestowed on the persons who do the classifying; and others, who have only the human form, who may perish or go to the dogs for all the 'civilized men' care. All Rights Reserved. Seek always to do some good, somewhere. "I feel at home here. . The Jesus of Nazareth who came forward publicly as the Messiah, who preached the ethic of the Kingdom of God, who founded the Kingdom of Heaven upon earth, and died to give His work its final consecration, never had any existence. When Schweitzer was in residence at Lambarene, virtually nothing was done without consulting him. Albert Schweitzer. of thought that resulted in "The Quest for the Historical Jesus." He and his wife are buried on the Hospital grounds in Lambarn. He had originally conducted trials for recordings for HMV on the organ of the old Queen's Hall in London. point in time. Edward Albert Heimberger, famously known by his stage name Eddie Albert, was one actor and activist who . He was buried in a brief and simple ceremony early this afternoon next to an urn containing the ashes of his wife, Helene, who died in Europe in 1957. For example, he once said, The African is indeed my brother, but my junior brother. On other occasions, he opined, I let the Africans pick all the fruit they want. At first, he regarded his new life as a renunciation of his art, and fell out of practice, but after some time he resolved to study and learn by heart the works of Bach, Mendelssohn, Widor, Csar Franck, and Max Reger systematically. As the sun makes ice melt, kindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to evaporate. The Sudden Death Epidemic | Operation Disclosure Official This house is now maintained as a Schweitzer museum.[78]. Albert Schweitzer | PDF | Resurrection Of Jesus | Jesus - Scribd Among children 1-59 months of age, ALRI was present in 51% of the deaths, and enteric diseases in 30%. Among the messages he received was one from President Johnson. Housed originally in the grounds of a mission, he chose to leave this comparative sanctuary for the unknown and forbidding regions of the jungle nearby. to the church to play Bach. His philosophy, he often stated, was built upon the principle of a reverence for life and the religious and ethical imperatives of helping others. full expression in the 18th century.". He insisted on seeing personally that the youngster got a prompt and touching reply from his own pen before work was permitted to resume. He established a hospital and treated the natives there. "A man is truly ethical only when he obeys the compulsion to help all life, which he is able to assist, and shrinks from injuring anything that lives . 8 Department of Cardiology II -Electrophysiology; University of Mnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebude A1, D-48149 Mnster, Germany. " Albert Schweitzer 31. As a boy, Albert was frail in health but robust in intellect and talent. In 1899, Schweitzer became a deacon at the church of Saint Nicholas in Strasbourg. He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. According to some authors, Schweitzer's thought, and specifically his development of reverence for life, was influenced by Indian religious thought and in particular the Jain principle of ahimsa, or non-violence. Wikisource. Louis Schweitzer, Alberts father, was pastor to a Lutheran congregation at Kaysersberg, a Protestant church located in a predominantly Catholic place. in Greek, chapters that contain Jesus' injunctions to His apostles, among them the one that commands, "Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, cast out devils: freely ye have He is a figure designed by rationalism, endowed with life by liberalism, and clothed by modern theology in a historical garb.